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Date: Sun, 3 Jul 94 20:05:22 PDT From: Info-Hams Mailing List and Newsgroup <info-hams@ucsd.edu> Errors-To: Info-Hams-Errors@UCSD.Edu Reply-To: Info-Hams@UCSD.Edu Precedence: Bulk Subject: Info-Hams Digest V94 #739 To: Info-Hams Info-Hams Digest Sun, 3 Jul 94 Volume 94 : Issue 739 Today's Topics: (none) ARLB056 Look at that license ARLP026 Propagation de KT7H Contest Question Daily Summary of Solar Geophysical Activity for 01 July IPS Daily Report - 03 July 94 MARS Radio Mailing List Plumber's Delight Yagi Info Swap Tables at Melbourne Hamfest Send Replies or notes for publication to: <Info-Hams@UCSD.Edu> Send subscription requests to: <Info-Hams-REQUEST@UCSD.Edu> Problems you can't solve otherwise to brian@ucsd.edu. Archives of past issues of the Info-Hams Digest are available (by FTP only) from UCSD.Edu in directory "mailarchives/info-hams". We trust that readers are intelligent enough to realize that all text herein consists of personal comments and does not represent the official policies or positions of any party. Your mileage may vary. So there. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: 3 Jul 94 21:59:13 GMT From: news-mail-gateway@ucsd.edu Subject: (none) To: info-hams@ucsd.edu Len, KB7LPW sez: >Hi Luck. I do the Ham Radio & More show on the Talk America Network, >and was asked recently if anybody knew of a watt meter or swr or noise >bridge for the blind? One that would emit a tone or? as to what it showed! You bet, Len -- there's a number of them available from WAY back, including at least two in the ARRL's free publication "The ARRL program for the disabled" which can be obtained by calling Mary Carcia at 203 666 1541. 73 de ------------------------------------------------------------- Luck Hurder, KY1T KY1TLUCK@AOL.COM ARRL@BIX.COM 53 Broadview St. "The Amateur Radio Service opens doors Newington CT 06111 to the world for EVERYONE!" ------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 1 Jul 1994 22:24:52 -0600 From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!nntp.cs.ubc.ca!alberta!ve6mgs!usenet@network.ucsd.edu Subject: ARLB056 Look at that license To: info-hams@ucsd.edu SB QST @ ARL $ARLB056 ARLB056 Look at that license ZCZC AG21 QST de W1AW ARRL Bulletin 56 ARLB056 ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 1 Jul 1994 22:26:47 -0600 From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!nntp.cs.ubc.ca!alberta!ve6mgs!usenet@network.ucsd.edu Subject: ARLP026 Propagation de KT7H To: info-hams@ucsd.edu SB PROP @ ARL $ARLP026 ARLP026 Propagation de KT7H ZCZC AP40 QST de W1AW Propagation Forecast Bulletin 26 ARLP026 ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 4 Jul 1994 02:19:54 GMT From: world!drt@uunet.uu.net Subject: Contest Question To: info-hams@ucsd.edu Stan Olochwoszcz N2AYJ (n2ayj@n2ayj.overleaf.com) wrote: : The contest is entered under ONE call, even if it is a group of : operators. During the contest, you may use that call since the licensee : is ALWAYS on site ;-) and is the control operator. You *should* stay in your : own sub-band when operating, even if the control op is a higher class. Whoa ... If a contest station uses your call, you're lending your STATION license (i.e., callsign) to the other ops, allowing them to operate - = "be the control operator of" - (part of) your station, even if you *aren't* there. (Leave a copy of your license!) You're NOT lending them your operator's license. Those ops, as the control operators for one or more transmitters, *really* should stick to their own privileges, because it's TOTALLY ILLEGAL to exceed them, even while operating (key word) *someone else's* station. You can't lend out your operator license and resulting privileges at all - unless you are the actual control operator of the transmitter. But, if you can't even see the frequency to make sure they're not out of (your sub)band, you're not really in control, are you? On the other hand, if you really ARE in control, then the person at the radio (the third party, it turns out) isn't limited to his own class but can do whatever you can, because legally, you're the one whose doing it! As for the "slash" IDing requirement, that's legally mandated only if the control op is using privileges he has but the station licensee doesn't have. Other than that, it's optional - perfectly okay to use, if you feel like it. Contesters *never* feel like it. You're absolutely right. That's why contesters like to use a callsign belonging to someone with the highest license class in the bunch. : "EVERYBODY'S an Extra on Field Day!" - Anonymous (I plead the Fifth.) You got that right. There's this polite fiction (a custom, if you will) that if there's an Extra anywhere within 1000 feet of a FD transmitter, he's the control op. It's universal, but not strictly legal. But on Field Day, who really cares? Nobody. Every subband's jammed full of signals anyway. And who ever heard of getting cited for it? It's like Radio Mardi Gras - things are just a little looser than usual. "Here's your chart ... don't go beyond the band edge." It's not a bad thing. But if someone really is cited for something (e.g., trying to work CHU, maybe? I don't know), that someone is going to be the station licensee, whether he knew what was going on or not, unless he can prove through a log that someone else is responsible - and it's important to understand that (admittedly small) risk before adopting that polite fiction with your own ticket on the line. : > Is this a question of propriety or legality? : Yes :-) You betcha! -drt ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |David R. Tucker KG2S 8P9CL drt@world.std.com| ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------ Date: Sat, 2 Jul 1994 01:23:21 MDT From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!nntp.cs.ubc.ca!alberta!adec23!ve6mgs!usenet@network.ucsd.edu Subject: Daily Summary of Solar Geophysical Activity for 01 July To: info-hams@ucsd.edu /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ DAILY SUMMARY OF SOLAR GEOPHYSICAL ACTIVITY 01 JULY, 1994 /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ (Based In-Part On SESC Observational Data) SOLAR AND GEOPHYSICAL ACTIVITY INDICES FOR 01 JULY, 1994 -------------------------------------------------------- !!BEGIN!! (1.0) S.T.D. Solar Geophysical Data Broadcast for DAY 182, 07/01/94 10.7 FLUX=086.7 90-AVG=079 SSN=057 BKI=4453 2234 BAI=021 BGND-XRAY=A8.1 FLU1=3.3E+06 FLU10=1.8E+04 PKI=4454 3334 PAI=022 BOU-DEV=056,054,096,027,013,017,031,042 DEV-AVG=042 NT SWF=00:000 XRAY-MAX= B7.0 @ 1725UT XRAY-MIN= A6.0 @ 0706UT XRAY-AVG= B1.4 NEUTN-MAX= +001% @ 1130UT NEUTN-MIN= -003% @ 1810UT NEUTN-AVG= -0.8% PCA-MAX= +0.1DB @ 1455UT PCA-MIN= -0.3DB @ 1135UT PCA-AVG= -0.0DB BOUTF-MAX=55328NT @ 2253UT BOUTF-MIN=55273NT @ 1809UT BOUTF-AVG=55301NT GOES7-MAX=P:+000NT@ 0000UT GOES7-MIN=N:+000NT@ 0000UT G7-AVG=+080,+000,+000 GOES6-MAX=P:+147NT@ 1837UT GOES6-MIN=N:-064NT@ 0349UT G6-AVG=+108,+035,-022 FLUXFCST=STD:089,091,091;SESC:089,091,091 BAI/PAI-FCST=020,020,015/020,020,015 KFCST=4354 3232 4343 4333 27DAY-AP=022,017 27DAY-KP=4444 3334 3443 3334 WARNINGS= ALERTS=**245STRM:1355-2057UTC !!END-DATA!! NOTE: The Effective Sunspot Number for 30 JUN 94 was 26.1. The Full Kp Indices for 30 JUN 94 are: 3o 4- 4o 4- 3- 3o 3- 3o The 3-Hr Ap Indices for 30 JUN 94 are: 16 25 29 21 11 15 13 17 Greater than 2 MeV Electron Fluence for 01 JUL is: 5.0E+08 SYNOPSIS OF ACTIVITY -------------------- Solar activity was moderate due to a M2/1B flare from Region 7742 (S09E15) at 30/2124Z. Moderate centimeter bursts and a strong Type II accompanied the event. This region remained mostly stable in white light area but the number of small spots increased. A new region near NE12 is visible in recent Yohkoh imagery. A region number will be assigned here once spots are visible. A transequatorial coronal hole that was visible last rotation is not visible now in the eastern hemisphere of recent x-ray images. A filament near S19E33 faded between approximately 01/1440-1820Z. Solar activity forecast: solar activity should be generally low. The possibility of an isolated M-class flare from Region 7742 remains. The new region at the east limb may also slightly increase activity levels. The geomagnetic field was at active to minor storm levels during local nighttimes and quiet to unsettled during local daylight intervals. The energetic electron fluxes were mostly at moderate to high levels. Geophysical activity forecast: the geomagnetic field should be unsettled to active for 02-03 Jul with minor storm periods possible at local nighttime. Unsettled to slightly active conditions are forecast for 04 Jul as the coronal hole related disturbance subsides. No significant effects are forecast from the M2 flare mentioned above. Event probabilities 02 jul-04 jul Class M 20/20/20 Class X 01/01/01 Proton 01/01/01 PCAF Green Geomagnetic activity probabilities 02 jul-04 jul A. Middle Latitudes Active 40/40/30 Minor Storm 30/20/15 Major-Severe Storm 10/05/01 B. High Latitudes Active 40/40/30 Minor Storm 30/25/20 Major-Severe Storm 15/10/05 HF propagation conditions were near-normal over all regions except for transauroral night-sector circuits where occassional minor signal degradation was observed. Similar conditions are expected over the next 48 to 72 hours. COPIES OF JOINT USAF/NOAA SESC SOLAR GEOPHYSICAL REPORTS ======================================================== REGIONS WITH SUNSPOTS. LOCATIONS VALID AT 01/2400Z JULY ------------------------------------------------------- NMBR LOCATION LO AREA Z LL NN MAG TYPE 7742 S09E14 231 0220 DAC 06 024 BETA 7743 S10E27 218 0010 AXX 01 002 ALPHA 7744 S07W26 271 0000 AXX 00 001 ALPHA REGIONS DUE TO RETURN 02 JULY TO 04 JULY NMBR LAT LO 7734 N11 151 7730 S11 130 7731 N09 123 LISTING OF SOLAR ENERGETIC EVENTS FOR 01 JULY, 1994 --------------------------------------------------- BEGIN MAX END RGN LOC XRAY OP 245MHZ 10CM SWEEP 0228 0229 0230 130 1245 1246 1246 100 2053 2103 2110 B2.7 100 2147 2147 2148 120 POSSIBLE CORONAL MASS EJECTION EVENTS FOR 01 JULY, 1994 ------------------------------------------------------- BEGIN MAX END LOCATION TYPE SIZE DUR II IV 01/B1445 B1819 S19E35 DSF 01/1620 1724 1754 S09E17 LDE B7.0 94 INFERRED CORONAL HOLES: LOCATIONS VALID AT 01/2400Z --------------------------------------------------- ISOLATED HOLES AND POLAR EXTENSIONS EAST SOUTH WEST NORTH CAR TYPE POL AREA OBSN NO DATA AVAILABLE FOR ANALYSIS SUMMARY OF FLARE EVENTS FOR THE PREVIOUS UTC DAY ------------------------------------------------ Date Begin Max End Xray Op Region Locn 2695 MHz 8800 MHz 15.4 GHz ------ ---- ---- ---- ---- -- ------ ------ --------- --------- --------- 30 Jun: 0113 0121 0142 B4.5 SF 7742 S13E39 0214 0219 0226 B2.7 0242 0321 0332 C1.5 SF 7742 S13E38 0402 0412 0424 B5.6 SF 7743 S14E53 0428 0429 0439 SF 7743 S12E49 0754 0811 0820 C2.4 SF 7742 S10E35 0855 0907 0927 B7.4 SF 7742 S10E35 29 54 30 0958 1004 1015 B2.8 1109 1112 1115 B2.3 1334 1341 1353 B5.8 SF 7742 S11E31 1558 1559 1604 SF 7742 S11E36 1616 1631 1646 B4.1 SF 7742 S11E31 1803 1814 1824 B3.9 SF 7742 S12E31 2113 2124 2133 M2.5 1B 7742 S12E27 350 1700 2000 REGION FLARE STATISTICS FOR THE PREVIOUS UTC DAY ------------------------------------------------ C M X S 1 2 3 4 Total (%) -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --- ------ Region 7742: 2 1 0 8 1 0 0 0 009 (64.3) Region 7743: 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 002 (14.3) Uncorrellated: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 003 (21.4) Total Events: 014 optical and x-ray. EVENTS WITH SWEEPS AND/OR OPTICAL PHENOMENA FOR THE LAST UTC DAY ---------------------------------------------------------------- Date Begin Max End Xray Op Region Locn Sweeps/Optical Observations ------ ---- ---- ---- ---- -- ------ ------ --------------------------- 30 Jun: 0113 0121 0142 B4.5 SF 7742 S13E39 III 0214 0219 0226 B2.7 III,V,Continuum 0242 0321 0332 C1.5 SF 7742 S13E38 III,V 0754 0811 0820 C2.4 SF 7742 S10E35 III,V 0855 0907 0927 B7.4 SF 7742 S10E35 III 0958 1004 1015 B2.8 III 1334 1341 1353 B5.8 SF 7742 S11E31 III 1803 1814 1824 B3.9 SF 7742 S12E31 III,V 2113 2124 2133 M2.5 1B 7742 S12E27 II,III NOTES: All times are in Universal Time (UT). Characters preceding begin, max, and end times are defined as: B = Before, U = Uncertain, A = After. All times associated with x-ray flares (ex. flares which produce associated x-ray bursts) refer to the begin, max, and end times of the x-rays. Flares which are not associated with x-ray signatures use the optical observations to determine the begin, max, and end times. Acronyms used to identify sweeps and optical phenomena include: II = Type II Sweep Frequency Event III = Type III Sweep IV = Type IV Sweep V = Type V Sweep Continuum = Continuum Radio Event Loop = Loop Prominence System, Spray = Limb Spray, Surge = Bright Limb Surge, EPL = Eruptive Prominence on the Limb. ** End of Daily Report ** ------------------------------ Date: Sun, 3 Jul 1994 23:17:35 GMT From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!howland.reston.ans.net!math.ohio-state.edu!uwm.edu!msuinfo!harbinger.cc.monash.edu.au!news.cs.su.oz.au!metro!ipso!rwc@network.ucsd.edu Subject: IPS Daily Report - 03 July 94 To: info-hams@ucsd.edu SUBJ: IPS DAILY SOLAR AND GEOPHYSICAL REPORT ISSUED AT 3/2330Z JULY 1994 BY IPS RADIO AND SPACE SERVICES FROM THE REGIONAL WARNING CENTRE (RWC), SYDNEY. SUMMARY FOR 3 JULY AND FORECAST UP TO 6 JULY No IPS Disturbance Warning is current ----------------------------------------------------------- 1A. SOLAR SUMMARY Activity: low Flares: none. Observed 10.7 cm flux/Equivalent Sunspot Number : 086/029 GOES satellite data for 2 July Daily Proton Fluence >1 MeV: 2.9E+06 Daily Proton Fluence >10 MeV: 1.5E+04 Daily Electron Fluence >2 MeV: 2.8E+08 X-ray background: A5.0 Fluence (flux accumulation over 24hrs)/ cm2-ster-day. 1B. SOLAR FORECAST 04 July 05 July 06 July Activity Low Low Low Fadeouts None expected None expected None expected Forecast 10.7 cm flux/Equivalent Sunspot Number : 086/029 1C. SOLAR COMMENT None. ----------------------------------------------------------- 2A. MAGNETIC SUMMARY Geomagnetic field at Learmonth: quiet to active Estimated Indices : A K Observed A Index 2 July Learmonth 14 3334 4122 Fredericksburg 15 29 Planetary 15 27 Observed Kp for 2 July: 3555 3334 2B. MAGNETIC FORECAST DATE Ap CONDITIONS 04 Jul 15 Quiet to unsettled. 05 Jul 10 Quiet to unsettled. 06 Jul 10 Quiet to unsettled. 2C. MAGNETIC COMMENT None. ----------------------------------------------------------- 3A. GLOBAL HF PROPAGATION SUMMARY LATITUDE BAND DATE LOW MIDDLE HIGH 03 Jul fair-normal fair-normal fair PCA Event : None. 3B. GLOBAL HF PROPAGATION FORECAST LATITUDE BAND DATE LOW MIDDLE HIGH 04 Jul normal fair-normal fair 05 Jul normal fair-normal fair 06 Jul normal fair-normal fair 3C. GLOBAL HF PROPAGATION COMMENT Propagation conditions at mid and high lats are expected to improve as the level of geomagnetic activity decreases. ----------------------------------------------------------- 4A. AUSTRALIAN REGION IONOSPHERIC SUMMARY MUFs at Sydney were near predicted monthly values Observed T index for 03 July: 25 Predicted Monthly T Index for July is 30. 4B. AUSTRALIAN REGION IONOSPHERIC FORECAST DATE T-index MUFs 04 Jul 30 Near predicted monthly values. 05 Jul 25 Near predicted monthly values. 06 Jul 30 Near predicted monthly values. 4C. AUSTRALIAN REGION COMMENT Regular Sporadic E layer was observed yesterday, and is expected again today. Daylight propagation conditions may have been degraded yesterday. -- IPS Regional Warning Centre, Sydney |IPS Radio and Space Services email: rwc@ips.oz.au fax: +61 2 4148331 |PO Box 5606 RWC Duty Forecaster tel: +61 2 4148329 |West Chatswood NSW 2057 Recorded Message tel: +61 2 4148330 |AUSTRALIA ------------------------------ Date: Sat, 2 Jul 1994 16:40:13 -0600 From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!nntp.cs.ubc.ca!alberta!ve6mgs!usenet@network.ucsd.edu Subject: MARS Radio Mailing List To: info-hams@ucsd.edu Welcome! You have joined the MARS-list@stat.com The purpose of this server is to allow discussion about MARS (Military Affiliated Radio Service) activities. The list is open to all branches of MARS. ---- To Send Mail To Be Distributed To All Subscribers: mars-list@stat.com And Send Normal Subject And Text. ---- To Add Yourself To This List, Please Send Electronic Mail To: listserv@stat.com And Include The Command: subscribe mars-list As The First Line of Your Message. ---- To Remove Yourself From This Server, Please Send Electronic Mail To: listserv@stat.com And Include The Command: Unsubscribe mars-list As The First Line of Your Message. ---- ---- Requests For Help Should Be Sent To: mars-list-request@stat.com --- Editor, HICNet Medical Newsletter Internet: david@stat.com FAX: +1 (602) 451-1165 Bitnet : ATW1H@ASUACAD ------------------------------ Date: 3 Jul 1994 14:11:30 -0700 From: nntp.crl.com!crl.crl.com!not-for-mail@decwrl.dec.com Subject: Plumber's Delight Yagi Info To: info-hams@ucsd.edu Could someone with access to antennae calculation software give me some dimensions for a two or three element yaga with a center frequency of 490Mhz. Plumber's delight preferred. Please also give me the name of the program you use if it is available to the public. Thanks for the help, Ed. Linskey (elinskey@crl.com) N6QLO ------------------------------ Date: Sat, 2 Jul 1994 11:27:41 -0600 From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!nntp.cs.ubc.ca!alberta!ve6mgs!usenet@network.ucsd.edu Subject: Swap Tables at Melbourne Hamfest To: info-hams@ucsd.edu * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 2 9 t h A N N U A L M E L B O U R N E H A M F E S T * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * September 10/11 in Melbourne, Florida, at the Melbourne Auditorium on Hibiscus Blvd., approximately 2 blocks north and 2 blocks west of the intersection of US 1 and US 192 in Melbourne. Doors open at 9 AM both days. Advanced tickets and table information available by sending a self-addressed stamped envelope to: Tickets and Tables: Janet Madden, KB4KQF 1455 Creel Road NE Palm Bay, FL 32905 73, bill wb9ivr.... ------------------------------ Date: 3 Jul 1994 16:51:53 -0700 From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!agate!darkstar.UCSC.EDU!news.hal.COM!olivea!apple.com!apple.com!not-for-mail@network.ucsd.edu To: info-hams@ucsd.edu References <Anthony_Pelliccio-010794150655@138.16.64.44>, <2v1rjm$nk0@cville-srv.wam.umd.edu>, <CsADLr.LvM@news.Hawaii.Edu>▒ Subject : Re: Call-Sign Prefixes jeffrey@kahuna.tmc.edu (Jeffrey Herman) writes: >Just to be thorough here's the rest of the U.S. call areas: > > H1 Baker, Howard Island > H2 Guam > H3 Johnston Island > H4 Midway Island > H5 Kingman Reef > H6 Hawaii (yea!!) > H7 Kure Island > H8 American Samoa > H9 Wake Island > H0 Northern Mariana Islands > L7 Alaska > P1 Navassa Island > P2 Virgin Islands > P4 Puerto Rico > P5 Desecheo Hmmm, "the rest," eh? Your homebrew CW tube equipment must not be getting into the Caribbean, Jeff :-) :-). Guantanamo is missing. Belau, KC6, is also missing from the above, but I have no idea if it is U.S. territory. Should have asked K7ZSD when he was there in May... Some of the KH0 and KH2 still use their old callsigns. I recently worked KG6SL on Saipan with no pileup (the only way my peanut whistle could work any DX :-), probably because everyone thought he was in California. Go ahead, check the online callbook (eeeeiiii! online callbook pileup :-). 73, Kok Chen, AA6TY kchen@apple.com Apple Computer, Inc. ------------------------------ Date: (null) From: (null) SB PROP ARL ARLP026 ARLP026 Propagation de KT7H Conditions during last week's Field Day were better than expected. The K index on Saturday was zero most of the time, although it did jump suddenly to four at 0600z on Sunday. The big upset in conditions didn't appear until Monday, when the K index reached five. For the near term expect low solar activity as the current sunspot cycle declines. Solar flux should peak around 90 this month from July 10 through 14. Look for moderate geomagnetic upsets centered around July 9 and 16, and more severe problems around the end of the month. As low solar activity continues, there will be fewer openings above 20 meters, and DXers will have to look more toward 30 and 40 meters for action. Sunspot Numbers from June 23 through 29 were 35, 45, 54, 27, 23, 25 and 32, with a mean of 34.4. 10.7 cm flux was 73.1, 72.8, 73.1, 73.9, 73, 73.9 and 79, with a mean of 74.1. The path projection for this week is from Anchorage, Alaska to the Hawaiian Islands. 80 meters should be open from 0615 to 1415z, peaking around 0830. 40 meters looks good from 0430 to 1600, peaking from 0800 to 1230. 30 meters may be open almost around the clock, with good conditions from 0300 to 1700, and the best times identical to 40 meters. 20 meters should be open from 0200 to 0900. The bands above 20 meters do not look promising at this time. NNNN /EX ------------------------------ Date: (null) From: (null) SB QST ARL ARLB056 ARLB056 Look at that license Look at that license Amateurs receiving new or modified FCC licenses after June 8, 1994, should carefully note their expiration date. Only new, first licenses or specific renewals have a full 10-year term. Amateur license upgrades, changes of address, call sign, or name, are processed with the original expiration date intact. That is, they are not automatically extended for 10 years. The FCC, using new computer software recently installed, is processing amateur licenses in this manner to conform with to the way in which it processes all other Private Radio Service licenses. The FCC currently recommends that amateurs submit license renewal applications 60 to 90 days before their expiration date. The Commission said it intends eventually to mail license expiration notices to amateurs, In the meantime, the ARRL is sending license expiration notices to ARRL members, along with an FCC Form 610 and a return envelope to the FCC's licensing division in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. NNNN /EX ------------------------------ Date: 3 Jul 1994 15:30:58 -0500 From: news2.sprintlink.net!news.sprintlink.net!bga.com!bga.com!nobody@uunet.uu.net To: info-hams@ucsd.edu References <FAUNT.94Jul1181923@netcom4.netcom.com>, <CsALB5.G2n@srgenprp.sr.hp.com>, <1994Jul3.112725.1@woods.uml.edu>intli Subject : Re: CW - THE ONLY MODE! Howdy. I'm a big proponent of head copy myself. In fact, when I started getting the code down--after I learned what all the characters sounded like--that's the *only* way I copied it. I practiced with nothing more than a shortwave receiver. If you can copy some of the really bad cw (sorry, but it's true) that some people send, copying the stuff that they give you at the tests is easy. I guess it worked, too, because I copied solid 5wpm for my novice, and might've been able to go faster but don't know. Got my license. Made a couple contacts and did a lot of listening. By January when I took (and failed) tech and General, after being a ham for three months, I passed my 20 wpm. So I was one of probably only a few 20 wpm novices for about a month. :) -- Buddy Brannan, KB5ELV | Mary had a little lamb. (512)441-3246 (Home) | Her father shot it dead. Internet: davros@bga.com | Now Mary takes her lamb to school davros@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu | Between a piece of bread. ------------------------------ End of Info-Hams Digest V94 #739 ******************************